Remidies for reducing Dandruff... How to reduce it without using any Medicines....? .... Manthena Satyanarayana Raju...

1. How to reduce Dandruff without using Medicines/Shampoos?

ans... Our ancestors doesn't know what is DANDRUFF.. but now a days we don't find a person who doesn't know about this. Naturally our skin releases a fat oriented thing which is sticky, to protect our skin from the nature. Because of this our skin remains smooth. But on the head this flexible cholesterol oriented thing is removed like small pieces due to lack of air touch at the roots of the hair. Generally people will not do head bath daily, due to this the head will not be cleaned and gets dandruff. The chemicals used in the Shampoo damages the skin on the head and increases dandruff more. It looks well on the day we use shampoo fand the real side effect comes out from the next day we stop using the shampoos . The Shampoo making companies advise us to use their shampoos daily. In this way we have been cheated. We can reduce dandruff by doing head bath daily and using some small remedies, instead we are losing more money by using medicines/shampoos.

Remedies..:-

1. Do head bath daily, with normal cold water only (water at normal temperature) instead of Hot water. (as hot water increases dandruff more by damaging the skin on the head)

2. Weekly once wash hair and head using Sapindus marginatus(soapnut) / Shikakai powder (making it Liquid by boiling in water) (not chemicalised soaps, use original powder), if u got more dandruff, use this powder for continuously for 10 days or more.

3. Apply hair oil (coconut oil) after hair became dry, its a must. But most of the people think that dandruff will be increased if we apply hairoil, but it is not correct in case of those who take head bath daily. In winter when we apply oil to the skin on hands and legs, how the white rashes will be reduced and skin becomes smoother, in the same way only oil will help the skin on the head.

4. If the hair on the head is more sticky/gummy, then use one piece of lemon and apply it on the head before taking bath. The lemon cleans the sticky/gummy oily things produced very well.

Finally what i want to say is that don't use chemicals on body when we got so many natural things are available to give us remedies,, as god created food/medicines/and many more use ul things in the nature before our arrival on earth, use then first if not worked out then depend on artificial things.... Be natural than artificial....

The power of S.M.I.L.E.

...... much more about this most human of facial expressions.....


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It's 7 AM, and Susan Jenks, a mother of two, would love more sleep, but she can hear her five-month-old son, Angus, rousing in the next room. "I'm hardly able to drag myself out of bed," says Jenks, who, with both an infant and an oldre son age two, is no stranger to fatigue. "But when I look into his crib, and he gives me a big smile, it fills me with joy - and then everything is fine."

***

Such is the power of a simple smile. In fact, research over the last two decades has been proving scientifically what aphorisms and popular song lyrics have espoused for eons: Smile, and the whole world smiles with you, and grey skies really will clear up if you put on a happy face.

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"A smile is central to our evolution and one of the most powerful tools of human behaviour," says Dacher Keltner, a professor of psychology at the University of California, who has studied the importance of facial expression - including the variety and impact of smiles.

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Anyone who has been around a smiling baby knows how a spontaneous grin helps build kinship, strengthen social bonds and release positive brain chemicals that help us feel good. Standing at a grocery checkout with her sparkly Angus, Jenks is apt to hear a chorus of oohs and aahs as her baby uses his new-found power of smiling to elicit smiles from others.

***

CHILD-DEVELOPMENT experts call that positive exchange between infant and adult the "interactional dance," which emerges as the baby's brain develops higher functioning. "A mother and baby exchange smiles in a rhythmic and synchronized way that is important for the development of attachment and intellectual development," says Ulrich Mueller, a professor of psychology specializing in child development. Mueller says studies have found that if a parent responds to a baby's smile with an expressionless face, the infant gets upset. "This indicates how important the caregiver's smile is for the infant," says Mueller, adding that infants of depressed mothers show fewer signs of happiness and smile less often than infants of nondepressed mothers.

***

In 1872 Charles Darwin proposed in his book, The Expression of Emotion in Man and Animals, that facial expressions are biologically based and universal among humans and therefore must provide an evolutionary advantage such as building kinship bonds, improving co-operation and helping increase the survival of the species. However, the celebrated anthropologist Margaret Mead thought the smile was a cultural behaviour that varied between societies.

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It wasn't until the 1960s that psychologist Paul Ekman decided to settle the argument. He travelled the world, showing pictures of facial expressions to people of different cultures and found that, even in the remote jungles of Papua New Guinea, expressions like a joyful smile had the same emotional meaning. Ekman and a colleague, Wallace Friesen, then spent eight years creating a reliable way to describe and replicate facial movements so researchers could more scientifically study facial expression and emotion. They systematically categorized 43 separate muscle movements of the face and their more than 3000 meaningful combinations, calling their system the Facial Action Coding System, or FACS.

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"FACS revolutionized the study of facial expression and human emotion,: says Keltner, who did his postgraduate work in Ekman's lab. "It gave researchers an objective language to answer how emotions are mapped onto our face and our nervous systems." Now, with FACS as the base, 18 types of smiles have been identified, such as shy, embarrassed, sarcastic and loving. But the two types that have received the most research attention are the spontaneous joyful smile and the fake smile. The first, also called the Duchenne smile after the 19th-century. French neurologist who first described it, involves two sets of muscles. One pulls back the corners of the mouth and raises the cheeks high, and the other make the eyes crinke. Scientists have discovered that a genuine Duchenne smile is a marker of real happiness. The fake smile - sometimes called the fight-attendant smile-uses only the frist muscle set and is generally used as a form of courtesy.

***

In one of his most famous studies, Keltner and colleague LeeAnne Harker coded the smiles of 114 women who posed for their college yearbook photo in 1958 and 1960. All but three smiled, but 61 did the fake courtesy smile, and 50 had Duchenne smiles. Keltner's study found that over 30 years of follow-up, the women who displayed Duchenne smiles were more apt to get married and remain married, and scored higher on tests of emotional and physical well-being. Other Keltner studies have found that people who display spontaneous, real smiles are better able to overcome stressful events such as the death of a spouse, and that couples who show loving smiles when talking about each other release oxytocin-called the caring hormone and association with bonding and reproduction-into the blood.

***

Keltner notes that while some people are born with happier temperaments, which set them up for success, others can become happier by being taught how to cultivate a genuine smile. "In the happiness literature," says Keltner, "the greatest association with happiness is connection to others. Teaching smiling is important because it helps us connect."

***

Putting on a happy face not only helps us make friends, it translates into altered brain chemistry that makes us feel better. Ekman and University of Wisconsin neuroscientist Richard Davidson used brain scans to show that the Duchenne smile activates some parts of the brain associated with pleasure and happiness, though it does not activate the full pattern associated with these emotions. They found that if people learned how to activate the muscles of the Duchenne smile, even artificially, they could produce similar brain activity.

***

Since smiling is so imporant to happiness and social connection, losing one's smile is devastating. Twice in his adult life Ross Main, who operates a guest house in Canada, has had half his face paralyzed by Bell's palsy, a disorder in which the seventh cranial nerve becomes inflamed, probably from a viral infection. " I could only smile with half my face, and the result was this weird grimace," says Main, an outgoing person who became self-conscious and reluctant to go out or meet people. "You don't realize how essential a smile is until you can't do it."

***

Main was lucky: Both times his smile returned within three or four weeks. But about 15 percent of those with Bell's palsy never get their smiles back fully. Others lose their smiles through cancer, stroke or injury. Some people, such as those with a facial disorder called Moebius syndrome, are born without a normal smile.

***

"My patients have taught me the value of smiling," says Dr Ralph Manktelow, a plastic surgeon. "They say, 'Because I can't smile, people think I am unfriendly, sad, angry or depressed, and I can't show them what I am really like." A smile is a powerful part of our conversation capability. If you can't smile, you are very limited in your ability to pass on information and relate to other people."

***

Manktelow and paediatric plastic surgeon Dr Ronald Zuker, co-head world-renowned Facial Paralysis Team in Toronto, Canada, which specializes in the reconstruction of missing or paralyzed smiles. About 150 patients a year, some 50 of them children, come from around the world with facial paralysis. About of these patients are suitable for the microsurgical procedure, in which surgeons transfer a piece of muscle from the leg to the face. The surgeons attach a nerve to the muscle to make it contract and provide a smile movement. The nerve comes from either the facial nerve on the opposite side of the face or a nerve that normally controls biting. After up to a year of nerve growth, patients develop a smile. If the biting nerve was used, patients first learn to smile by biting.

***

"With time and practice most learn to smile without biting, and many smile without biting, and many smile without even thinking about it," says Manktelow. "The smile is so important it appears that the brain learns to control the movement of the muscles, and the smile centre takes over to create a spontaneous smile."

***

For Zuker, one of the great rewards of his work is to get a thank-you letter - with a picture. "There is nothing better than to see a child you've operated on-holding a bat on his shoulder or in a family photo - with a great big smile on his face."

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YOGA....be a sport, try yoga

Yoga can be a great sport. Practising yoga not only provides you with a supple body, with regular practice, one can achieve an optimum benefit recommended by sports experts which is the four aspects of fitness: cardio respiratory fitness (fitness of the heart, lungs and blood vessels and the maximal oxygen intake), muscle fitness (strength and endurance of your muscles), flexibility fitness (range of motion) and body composition (percentage of fat). Hence, it is an ideal sport that would benefit both the young as well as the old.

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Studies show that an eight week training in yoga helps to increase cardio fitness by eight percent, strength by as much as 30 per cent, muscle endurance by 55 per cent, and flexibility by as much as 180 per cent.

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A Yoga practitioner will find that this art can be gentle on the joints, ligaments and tendons, which act as a complement to other sports activity. It also helps to maximise one's sports performance and helps avoid sports related injuries.

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Yoga by itself is a great sport. You will enjoy the flowing movements of asanas combined with powerful yogic breathing techniques which make it all the more an interesting and challenging sport.

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A Kryoga Sun Series is a wonderful experience. You have a goal that starts with Sun Series I and then after a few months of training you move to the next level and so on. Each series is a progression to the next level that is always a little more challenging in terms of flexibility, strength and speed.

***

Other special classes would include Moon Series, Vinyasa Yoga and Kryoga Dynamics. Each one is a 60-90 minutes class that is practised by hundreds of people. Although these classes are very challenging, at the end of class one would feel that they have run for two hours or played a four-hour game of tennis, leaving them energetic, rfelaxed and vibrant.

***

The benefits of doing yoga as a sport are different from other sports. Yoga is a complete training that trains your mind, muscle, joints, systems, organs, glands etc. Yoga is a balanced workout. Apart from physical and mental benefits it also benefits emotionally. For example, if you choose running or jogging as a sport it means you are working more on just the cardio vascular fitness and less on muscle strength and endurance. If you are just doing weights then you are working more on muscle strength but less on cardiovascular fitness. Apart from that you will need to spend at least an hour to stretch and warm up otherwise it will result in injuries in back, knee and/or shoulder problems in the future. This is not the case with yoga. It is the safest sport with a great goal in life. You work all the four aspects of fitness recommended to be fit and healthy by doing 60 to 90 minutes yoga training. More and more people are realising the benefits of yoga and are turning towards yoga as a sport or to enhance their sport performance.

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STRESS BUSTER

Teenager Priyal Sanghavi talks about the stress that accompanies living abroad away from home and how to deal with it.
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Squealing and crying soon after I was born, disguised the first words I ever spoke. The first words that I spoke every day during my college life were “Sumitra, get the tea.” So when I left for higher studies to London, instead of friends and family, the person I missed the most was my maid, Sumitra. Every aspect of my day reminded me of her. Every morning the nagging sounds of my mom trying to wake up were missing.
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Every morning reminded me of how I’d much rather be back at home with my family. Every morning was a new case study of stress.
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Manage Time
I had to get out of bed and wage daily snoozing battles with the alarm clock. Being late for class resulted in angry glares by the professors, not a good way to create a first impression. The next big thing is breakfast. No more piping hot food ready at the dining table, it’s up to you. Since you are already late, there is no time to prepare food.
Tip
Make a daily schedule. Try to sleep well in time so you get the required hours of sleep. This will come in handy on those days when assignments keep you up all night. For breakfast, cereal is a healthy option on days when you don’t have time to cook. Frozen foods and ready-to-eat packets work well only as a one-off option. Fruits are always a healthy choice and require the least work from your end. Besides it keeps your nutrition in check.
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Clean Up Your Act
After a long day, your messy room welcomes you “home”. No one to do your laundry, pick up the trash, clean and buy groceries. Life suddenly turns into an obstacle course hitherto unheard off especially if you have never done your own dishes or hung clothes out to dry. Mundane housework that you looked down upon occupies most of your day and if you neglect it, it piles up adding to your stress levels.
Tip
Accept that doing housework is a part of the way of life abroad. Well, at least finances leave you with little choice on that front. By piling up the dishes or clearing up the room on a weekly basis, you allow yourself to remain stressed over the nagging feeling of the unfinished task at hand. Spend extra time, get over with the chore and then go relax. There’s nothing worse than a sink full of dishes staring at you when you stumble into the kitchen to make your first cup of coffee.
***
Handle roommate woes
University halls of residence ensure you are never alone. This, however means adjusting to students of other nationalities. Complaints of dirty kitchens, using other’s belongs, noise and unclean bathrooms are very common. You already have your own chores to worry about and you suddenly spot your dirty vessels your flat mate used without permission. If you choose to move in with friends, untreated problems may cause dents your relations.
Tip..
The idea of flat mates is a serious test of your adjusting skills. Ensure you demarcate your space well and respect theirs. Realise that they come from different cultures and respect that. Divide the work at home accordingly so that neither feels over burdened.
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Check your accounts
Expenses is one of the biggest headaches. Tantrum-throwing for extra pocket money usually gets you what you want. Here, your expenditure also include house costs, phone bills and transport cost apart from the shopping and partying if you manage to save up for that. No more Daddy dearest to bail you out on emergencies.
Tip..
Bring out your notepad or take Microsoft Excel Seriously. When you’re studying abroad you have to look into the inflow and outflow of money otherwise you will be broke by the third week of the month. Every month make a list of things you want to shop and what they’re worth. Then make a budget of the grocery, phone and travel expenses. Try and save on that and with the money saved you can shop.

***
When you live abroad, you start your whole life from scratch. Right from setting up a home to meeting new people, it’s a brand new experience. There is no family to come home to, just friends you make. Studying abroad doesn’t just educate you, it teaches you how to live independently. The joy of cooking edible meals is equivalent to meeting your idol. These little victories are work all the stress……..

IMPROVE YOUR LANGUAGE

Dangling modifiers, could make your sentences sound slightly queer. For example: Walking to the part on a rainy day, my clothes became wet. This sentence does not make any sense because the words walking to the park on a rainy day modifies the words my clothes. Surely someone must have been walking?
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The correct use would be : When I was walking to the part on a rainy day, my clothes became wet.
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Here are a few more examples.
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Wrong…: Having arrived late for work, a written note was required(The sentense implies that the written note arrive late!)
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Correct…: Having arrived late for work, Seema required a written note
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Now let’s take a look another group of modifiers known as Squinting Modifiers. They are called so because a vaguely placed modifier that appears to modify either the word before it or the word after it - is akin to someone who is squinting!
Here are a few examples…..
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Wrong…: Students who pay attention to their studies most of the time get higher grades.
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Correct…: Most of the time, students who pay attention to their studies get higher grades OR Students who pay attention to their studies get higher grades most of the time.

SPIRITED KIDS NEED CARE

An all too familiar sight at a mall or a supermarket are kids who seem to be fitted with springs. They jump and dash around from one place to another, kicking up a fuss. Some even decide to throw temper tantrums, bang in the middle of a crowd, even as helpless, embarrassed parents look on.
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Parents of such “hyper active” kids who are often subject to unsolicited advice from pitiful onlookers, on how to be a better parent, will be relieved to know that they aren’t bad parents. ‘Spirited’ children is a term used to describe difficult children who need to be handled with more care than others. “A spirited child has high needs and demands,” explains psychologist Dr. Varkha Chulani. “They get overwhelmed by their feelings and often have meltdowns when they can’t handle or understand what is happening to them. In fact, their ability to express themselves loudly is often a sign that they are more in touch with their emotions than other kids. In spite of being extremely moody, spirited children are high artistic, intelligent, intensely logical, compassionate and goal-oriented,” she adds.
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Since some children are genetically and psychologically different from others, their challenging behaviour is often interpreted as willful disobedience.
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Sugatha Memon, a teacher and counsellor says, “People often think that spirited children are “bad kids”. They resort to destructiveness and ill manners, because they can’t differentiate between right and wrong easily. It is difficult for them to learn to be tactful and polite as they are very straightforward with their feelings. For instance if your child is hitting somebody on the playground, he/she needs to be taken aside and given a warning with an explanation as to why such behaviour will not tolerated by anyone.”
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The key to tackle such children is to understand certain patterns in their behaviour feels Dr Varkha Chulani. “Some children may reject food even when they are hungry because they get used to a pattern of always rejecting food just to throw a tantrum. This behaviour is common and can be triggered by various factors. Parents need to be constantly on the look out for potential triggers,” adds Dr. Chulani.
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Getting these children interested in hobbies also helps them keep calm and occupied, feels advertising personality Prahlad Kakkar. “Its normal for most children to be spirited, joyous and active. However if the child is overtly spirited all the time, then he/she could have a hyperactive disorder. They just need a lot of care, love and attention. Find out what interests them. Physical activity and yoga has tremendous benefits on hyperactive kids,” he said.
*******

A Wonderful Teacher, A Great Student

It was in 1918-19, the first days of Sabarmati Ashram. Gandhiji desired to study the Gita in the original Sanskrit. He was looking for a teacher. First he thought of Mahadev Desai. But Mahadev, though he knew some Sanskrit, did not feel confident that he could teach Gandhiji. He suggested the name of Vinobaji.
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Vinobaji agreed to teach the Gita to Gandhiji on one condition. Gandhiji had to be regular - no discontinuity in the classes. It was decided that ten minutes after the evening prayer would be spent in the study of the Gita. Afterwards Gandhiji would go to sleep.
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Vinobaji was a very earnest teacher. Once somebody asked him, 'Who is an ideal student?'. Vinobaji answer, 'Whoever wants to learn'. He could teach anybody! So here Gandhiji was the student, Vinobaji the teacher and the subject, Bhagavad Gita.
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They sailed through the first chapter easily. It was just the narration of the preparations for war. Gandhiji had no problem in following these lessons.
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In the second chapter, Arjuna's doubts and Krishna's efforts to clear them in various ways are there. No problems there either. They had cleared the first hundred verses of the Gita. Then came the 54th verse of the second chapter, 'Prajahaati yadaa Kaamaan sarvaan partha manogataan'. Vinobaji explained the meaning of the verse.
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Then Gandhiji started playing truant. The next day he put off the class on some excuse. This went on for about a month. The teacher was there, but the student made some excuse or the other to skip the class.
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One day Gandhiji told Vinobaji, 'Let us have the classes from tomorrow'. Vinobaji asked the reason for absence for so many days.
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Gandhiji gave an amazing reply. He said humbly, 'Vinoba, I did not neglect the classes. But I wanted to practise what I learnt. In the verse that we took up last time, it is said that all desires in the mind are to be controlled and one should be contented within. I was trying to practise this in my life for one month. I struggled hard within myself. Now I have achieved some control, so I have the confidence to learn further'.
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It is such learning that makes a Mahatma out of a man!..... WISDOM

Mind and Heart on God.. J.P. Vaswani

There is no problem which cannot be solved.
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If God is the solution of all problems.
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Forget the problem; fix your mind and heart on God.
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Your difficulties will disappear.
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And never forget that the battle is not yours,-but God's!.... J.P. Vaswani

Lead A Happy Married Life

Though most couples look happy during the first few years of marriage, monotony and boredom set in within no time. This need not be so. Marriage can be a life-long enjoyable experience. Both the partners should try and retain the freshness. Here are some tips to keep your marriage get going on the highway of happiness.

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Explore each other mentally... The more you talk to each other, the better you can understand each other. Make it a point to share your views on a regular basis and be open to new ideas.

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Be a good listener... One should be a good listener too. This is essential to let your spouse know that you respect his/her view.

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Live in the present... Past is gone and there is nothing to worry over it. Try to enjoy the present situation. Do not complain to your spouse that he/she has changed a lot since you met him/her.

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Spare time for each other... Schedule some time just for the two of you-a quiet lunch on a working day, a Saturday evening movie followed by dinner, or just a walk after dinner.

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Vacation... A vacation is always a mood-lifter. Plan at least one long vacation once a year when you can really enjoy. The kids will also love it. It is also a good idea to take some short breaks to re-charge yourself.

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Physical intimacy... Needless to say, physical intimacy is very important for a marriage's survival. Don't neglect this aspect. Physical intimacy may even include a hug, a soft touch or even a compassionate look.

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Caring and Sharing... Try to share housework between yourself. Take turns at making dinner, washing clothes, shopping together, supervising the kids, and so on. Household chores seem less boring when both the partners share them.

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Take time to encourage your interests... Reserve some time, even a few hours a week, when you can step back from your daily responsibilities and indulge in some work you really enjoy. Cultivate a new hobby or restart your old ones.

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Allow space for each other... Every individual needs his/her own privacy and space. Do not make your marriage crowded. If you find your partner in a contemplative mood, leave him/her alone for some time.

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Do not be disagreeable... Try to look presentable before your spouse. Wear fresh, clean clothes and have a well-groomed appearance. Needless to say, the house should also look neat and clean so that both partner love staying at home.

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Be young and energetic... Many neglect their physical appearance. This should not be so. Do some regular exercises to keep yourself physically and mentally fit, enjoy life and cultivate a positive attitude.

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Cherish old friends... Marriage doesnot mean the end of your old friends. Keep in touch with them and introduce them to your spouse. Old friends provide valuable emotional support and prevent you from feeling isolated or depressed.

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Make new friends... Join a club or organization where you can meet people from other professions. Widen your social circle and expand your personal network. Close ties to family and friends help in stengthening a marriage.

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Healthy Criticism... If you must criticize your partner, go in for healthy criticism. Learn to say the positive factors first and then talk about things that trouble you. Be specific - don't generalize. Choose words carefully.

***

Good Sayings-35

681. The happiness you give makes you happier than the happiness you receive.
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682. We can discover our joy in the precision and perfection of the work that we turn out whether others recognise it or not.
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683. To know how to wait is to put time on your side. With patience one arrives always. A persevering will surmounts all obstacles.
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684. Man's destined purpose is to overcome the evil in him and to restore good to its rightful place.
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685. Our faith should be like an everburning lamp which not only gives us light but also illuminates the surroundings.
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686. If u constantly dwell upon that which is selfish and debasing, you will ultimately become selfish and debased.
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687. What lies behind us, and what lies before us are tiny matters when compared to what lies within us.__ Emerson
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688. Happiness lies not in the mere possession of money. It lies in the joy of achievement, in the thrill of creative effort.
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689. A teacher who can smile at each student, who can greet each student with love-can work wonders.__ J.P. VASWANI
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690. He who gains victory over other men is strong; but he who gains victory over himself is all powerful.
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691. Prayer needs no speech.
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692. The health of a democratic society may be measured by the quality of functions performed by private citizens.
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693. The difference between failure and success is doing a thing nearly right and doing a thing exactly right.__ Edward Simmons
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694. Ask yourself these three things before you speak: 1) Is it true?, 2) Is it necessary, 3) Will it hurt anybody?__ J.P. VASWANI
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695. Conditional love says: I Love You, because I need you! Unconditional love says: I need you because I Love U!
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696. Faith is a belief in what I do not know now, so that I may soon enough come to know what i believe in.
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697. A thoughtless word hardly ever escape my tongue or pen.
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698. A man is but the product of his thoughts; what he thinks, he becomes.
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699. Nature has given us two ears, two eyes, but one tongue, to the end that we should near and see more than we should speak.__Socreties.
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700. Success is the result of good judgement; good judgement is the result of experience and experience is often the result of bad judgement.

Good Sayings-34

661. Without faith in Supreme Being human life will be like a building without a foundation or a ship without a ballast.
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662. Failures are divided into two classes - those who thought and never did and those who did and never thought.__ Dennis Conner
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663. God gives you enough trials to make you strong, enough sorrow to keep you human and enough hope to make you happy.
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664. A great pleasure in life is doing what people say you cannot do.
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665. The ignorant are like saline soil; they are there, but useless.
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666. One machine can do the work of fifty ordinary man. No machine can do the work of one extraordinary man.__ Elbert Hubbard
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667. The more experience I gather, the more I realise that man himself is the cause of his happiness as his misery.
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668. Never forget the goal. Never stop aspiring. Never halt in your progress, and you are sure to succeed.__The Mother
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669. Mass discipline is an essential condition for a people who aspire to be a great nation.__ Mahatma Gandhi.
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670. Real greatness lies in a pure and simple life.__ Zarathushtra
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671. The powers of the mind are like rays of the sun, if dissipated, when they are concentrated, they illumine.
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672. We gather in the present the harvest prepared by the noble efforts of our ancestors in the past.
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673. One should be content with what he has got and should not worry about things he does not have.
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674. It is for us to make effort. The result is always in the hands of God. Satisfaction lies in the effort not in the attainment.
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675. Look upon God as your only true friend.
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676. The reason for the loss of peace in the world is the disappearance of fear of sin and love of god.
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677. Manavathava (humaneness) means the complete harmony of thought, word and deed.
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678. To realise your own inherent divinity, service to the people is the best kind of sadhana.
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679. The road to man's liberation is barred by three gates: Kama (lust), Krodha (hatred) and Lobha (greed).
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680. An aimless life is always a miserable life.__The mother.
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Good Sayings__ 33

641. In every mistake you make, in every fall you encounter, there is a lesson of vital importanceif you search for it.__James Allen

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642. Nothing gives one person so much advantage over another as to remain always cool and unruffled under all circumstances.

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643. Truth stands on its own evidence. It does not require any other testimony to prove it true, it is self-effulgent.

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644. The possibility that we may fail in the struggle ought not to deter us from the support of a cause we believe to be just.

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645. Crown of home is Godliness. Beauty of home is orderliness. Blessings of home is contentment.

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646. While the right to talk may be the beginning of freedom, the necessity of listening is what makes that right important.

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647. When there is a conflict between human rights and property rights, human rights must prevail.

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648. A man ought to read just as inclination leads him; for what he reads as a task will do him little good.__ Dr. Samuel Johnson.

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649. From the unreal lead me to the real. From darkness lead me to light. From death lead me to immortality.

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650. The true meaning of education is all round development of character and personality of a person.

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651. A smile acts upon difficulties as the sun upon the clouds - it disperses them.__ The Mother

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652. Success without a positive attitude is called Luck. Success with a positive attitude is called Achivement.

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653. The difference between ordinary and extraordinary is that little extra.

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654. If a man does not give thought to problems which are still distant he will be worried by them when they come nearer.

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655. People who cannot find time for recreation are obliged sooner or later to find time for illness.

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656. Blessed are they who are loved; but twice blessed are they who have the ability to love and give.

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657. Young people tell what they are doing, old people what they have done and fools what they wish to do.

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658. The only definition that can be given of morality is this: that which is selfish is immoral and that which is unselfish is moral.

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659. Force generated by non-violence is infinitely greater than the force of all arms invented by man's ingenuity. __Gandhiji

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660. Every good movement passes through five stages: Indifference, Ridicule, Repression, Hatred and Respect.

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Roman Empire__

Q: How vast was the Roman Empire?

A: At its peak, the Roman army extended all around the Mediterranean Sea and most of the rest of Europe. Much of what is now England and France, Belgium and The Netherlands, Spain and Protugal, Switzerland, Austria, Hungary, part of Germany, Romania, Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey Israel, Syria, Arabia, Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco constituted the Roman empire. All this was ruled by the Romans from their base in Italy.

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A huge army was needed to maintain control over these regions and the costs involved were tremendous. There were continual minor wars and skirmishes along the edges of the empire, which meant that large garrisons of soldiers had to be maintained.

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C O M E T S

Q: How are comets formed?

A: There are two main theories about how comets are formed. According to one theory, as the Sun moves through clouds of interstellar dust, its gravity pulls the particles together to form a dense stream that trails behind the Sun like the wake of a ship. Occasionally, an enormous clump of particles is drawn towards the Sun to become a comet. According to the other theory,t he Sun's planets are surrounded by a permanent whirling cloud of particles containing billions of clumps, a cloud that extends halfway to the nearest star. The gravitational influence of nearby stars deflects the path of a clump, causing it to swing close to the Sun and become visible on the earth as a comet. Comets have no trails until they get close to the Sun. When they come closer to the Sun the intense heat vapourises portions of them and the gas blows out to form a glowing, smoke like streamer. The tails vary enormously in shape and size. Because a comet loses part of its substance every time a tail is formed, it is sure to burn itself out eventually.

Political positions_LEFT_RIGHT

Q: Why are political positions referred to as 'left' and 'right'?

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A: More than two hundred years ago, King Louis XI of France was compelled to convene a new form of parliament for the first time. While sitting at the assembly the more radical delegates took up their seats to the left of the King while their conservative counterparts took their seats to his right thus starting the practice of calling radicals as 'left' and conservatives as 'right'. Since then, liberal ideas have been referred to as from the left and conservative views as from the right.

Metric System

Q: Where did the metric system develop?
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A: The metric system was developed in France during the eighteenth century to provide a uniform system of measurement to replace widely differing systems then in existence. Metric measurement includes weight, volume, length, area, capacity and temperature and is based on multples being to the power of ten. The intention was to make measurements uniform throughout the world and introduce a set of universal standards in places such as research laboratories. Frenchman Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Perigord, Prince de Benevent, Bishop of Autun and Sir John Riggs Miller of England, jointly championed the metric system in the 1790s. By 1840 France made metrication mandatory. At the Metric Conference of 1875 in France, seventeen additional countries signed the Treaty of the Meter.

Deepest part of the Ocean System

Q: Where is the deepest part of the ocean system located?

A: The deepest part of the ocean system is the Mariana trench in the Pacific Ocean. First pinpointed in 1951 by HM Survey Ship Challenger, this trench is 1,500 miles long, averaging over 40 miles in width having maximum known depths of over 35,000 feet. On January 23, 1960, the manned US Navy submersible vessel Trieste descended to the bottom of the trench for the first time. On March 24, 1995, the unmanned Japanese probe Kaiko also reached the bottom, recording a depth of 35,797 feet, the most accurate measure of the trench ever made.

Humanoid robot

Q: When was the first humanoid robot designed?

A: In 350 BC, Greek mathematician Archytas of Tarentum built a steam-driven mechanical bird which can be termed as the first step towards the development of robot. Later, in around 1495 Leonardo Da Vinci of Italy planned and sketched out a humanoid robot in the form of a mechanical knight with anatomically correct joints operated by cables and pulleys. However, the word 'robot' was introduced by novelist and playwright karel Capek of Austria-Hungary in 1921 in one of his plays to depict artificial people. In 1989, the first walking robot 'Genghis' was developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), USA. Later in 2000, ASIMO (Advanced Step In Innovative Mobility), a humanoid robot, was unveiled by Honda.

Remote Sensing..

Q: What is Remote Sensing?

A: Remote Sensing is the technique of collecting information by observing the surface of the Earth and other planetary bodies through sensors on aircraft and space satellites. The basic tool used here is photography-infrared and false colour photography in particular. Modern remote sensing satellites are equipped with special cameras which take photographs of any particular region of the Earth's surface in several colours simultaneously. These separate images can be electronically proceessed to produce multicolour images and maps outlining areas of specific interest such as diseased or pest-infected crops, forest areas and vegetation, rich fishing areas in seas, even underground water and mineral reserves. Remote Sensing is an indispensable tool for better monitoring and management of natural resources.

Judaism... origin....

Q: When did Judaism originate?

A: One of the most ancient belief systems, Judaism is the religion of the Jews. Judaism is the oldest of the monotheistic religions, which hold that there is only one god rather than a plethora of many different deities. The name of the Jewish God is Yahweh (Jehovah) and the holy book is the Torah. The historical origins of Judaism are disputed among scholars. However, followers of the religion believe that a man named Abram (later known as Abraham) left the Mesopotamian city of Ur for Cannan (Palestine), sometime around 1800-2000 BC. In Cannan, Abraham made a covenant with Yahweh, accepting him as the most important god and the ruler of the universe.