Wednesday 18 November 2009

Words In Their Contexts...

The ability of a language user lies in using a right word in a right context.  This ability enables one to encode or express ideas in a better way.  To attain this end, one must be able to group together of individual word-meanings or phrase-meanings that generally share the same idea, concept, or semantic area.  They mean the same thing in a general way, but they entail certain key differences.  These differences govern why one word sounds natural or correct in a particular sentence and why another word, apparently close in meaning to the first word, does not sound right.  For example: "Because" in its varied shades is used to explain why something happened, why you did something etc.
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Because                   out of                   
The reason... is that on acount of 
Because of                as a result of 
Since                        due to
As                            owing to
Through                    seeing as


  Because (conjunction):  She is in a bad mood because her father won't let her go to the party tonight.


  Another meaning -  the reason ..... is that -  It is used when you are explaining something carefully, especially when you've been asked to explain why something happened.


Usage:    The reason we didn't consider you for the job was that you didn't have enough experience.
  The reason we are here this evening is to say 'thank you' to Hari for all his hard work.


BECAUSE OF - (Prep)


Usage :  I had to move because of my job.


  Because of your incompetence we have lost a lot of business.


SINCE :    This meaning is used to introduce the reason why you decide to do something or suggest doing something (conjunction).


Usage: We had planned to play tennis but since it was raining we decided to go swimming instead.


  Since you're going to be in the area anyway, you can pick up the order for me.


AS :   It is used to introduce the reason why a particular situation exists, why someone decides to do something or suggests doing something etc. (conjuction).


Usage :   As he had1 been in prison several times, he was a prime suspect for the case. 


THROUGH:   It is used especially when you want to explain why something has succeeded or why it has failed. (Preposition).


Usage :  We succeeded through sheer hard work.


OUT OF :    Out of curiosity / desperation.  It is used especially when someone has done something they wouldn't usually do (preposition).


Usage:   I came to you out of desperation -  you've to help me.  I think I should like to taste a piece of Octopus, just out of curiosity.


ON ACCOUNT OF  is used when you want to explain the reason for a difficulty, problem, or failur (prep) for example : we had to move to London on account of my job.


I cannot run on account of my asthma.


AS A RESULT OF   is used especially in news reports and public statements to introduce the cause of something that has happened (something unpleasant usually) (prep).


Usage :  Many people are homeless as a result of the civil war.


As a result of adverse weather conditions, all trains will be subjected to delays.


DUE TO   is used especially in official statements to introduce the reason for a difficulty or failure (prep).


Usage :   Our flight was delayed due to a strike by air-traffic controllers.


OWING TO  is also used in official statements to explain why something happened.


Usage :   This is one of the most commonly used metals in modern industry owing to its widespread availability.


SEEING AS is an informal expression which is used especially to talk about a situation that causes you to decide or suggest something that you haven't originally intended.


USAGE :  It was a great idea to go to the cinema but seeing as no one had any money, we couldn't go.
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